Introduction: what this topic is and why it matters
General Knowledge on science, technology and IT history is one of the highest-yield areas in Bangladeshi competitive exams (BCS Preliminary and Written, Bank AD/Officer, and IT-officer posts). Almost every recruitment test asks a cluster of one-mark factual questions such as "Who is the father of the computer?", "What is the SI unit of pressure?", "When was the Bangabandhu Satellite launched?" or "How many SDGs are there?". These are pure recall questions: you either know the exact name, date, number or full-form, or you lose the mark. There is no partial credit and almost no reasoning involved.
This lesson gathers the exact facts that past exams have tested, organised into verified fact tables so you can memorise and revise them quickly. We move from IT history and pioneers, through units and physics, into applied and medical science, inventions, and finally Bangladesh's own science-and-technology milestones plus the global development frameworks (SDGs, green and blue economy).
Source note: Bangladesh-specific and time-sensitive facts (Bangabandhu Satellite-1, Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant) were verified against Banglapedia, The Daily Star and Wikipedia in 2026. Rooppur fuel loading at Unit-1 began in 2026; other project milestones may update, so cross-check the latest figure before an exam.
Learning objectives
- Recall the pioneers of computing and AI and the "firsts" (first computer, first programmer, first language, first electronic computers).
- Reproduce the five computer generations and their defining hardware.
- State the correct SI and scientific units for common quantities and expand important IT full-forms.
- Explain key physics facts tested in GK (total internal reflection, ozone layer, speed of sound).
- Distinguish applied and medical-science terms (ECG vs echocardiogram, PCR, vaccines, blood groups, vitamins, oncology/nephrology).
- List landmark inventions with inventor and year.
- Recall Bangladesh's flagship science-and-technology achievements (Rooppur, Bangabandhu Satellite, Digital/Smart Bangladesh).
- State the 17 SDGs framework and distinguish green economy from blue economy.