BUET MSc Admission Test — Department of ICT — Exam: 01.07.2021 | প্রশ্ন ও সমাধান

Question 1Computer Architecture

A capacitor in an RC circuit with R=2 ohm and C=4 F is being charged. The time required for the capacitor voltage to reach 63.2 percent of its steady-state value is:

a)4 s
b)8 s
c)1/2 s
d)None of these

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Question 2Networking

How many valid hosts are available for the network segment 192.166.2.16/28?

a)16
b)8
c)15
d)14

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Question 3Programming

What is the output of the following code segment?

string cars[4] = {"Volvo", "BMW", "Ford", "Mazda"};
    cout<<cars[3];
    cout<<cars[2];

a)Mazda, Ford
b)Ford BMW
c)MazdaFord
d)Mazda Ford

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Question 4Digital Logic

Which circuit can be used as a parallel-to-serial converter?

a)A decoder
b)An encoder
c)De-multiplexer
d)Multiplexer

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Question 5Digital Logic

If the message bits are 111 then the Even-parity bit will be:

a)1111
b)1
c)0
d)None

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Question 6Programming

Which function in the following expression will be called first?

a = func3(6)-func2(4,5)/func1(1,2,3);

a)func1();
b)func2();
c)func3();
d)Cannot be predicted

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Question 7Networking

An organization is granted block 130.34.12.64/26. Find the number of addresses for the whole network.

a)128
b)32
c)256
d)None

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Question 8Digital Logic

Difference between Latch and Flip-flop is:

a)Flip-flop has a clock but Latch doesn't have
b)Flip-flop is edge-triggered but Latch is level triggered
c)Both are true
d)None are true

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Question 9Microprocessor

Which of the following sequences does a microprocessor follow?

a)Fetch, decode, execute
b)Fetch, execute, decode
c)Decode, fetch, execute
d)Execute, decode, fetch

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Question 10Microprocessor

What is the content of the Stack Pointer (SP)?

a)Address of the current instruction
b)Address of the next instruction
c)Address of the top element of the stack (correct answer)
d)Size of the stack.

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (c) Address of the top element of the stack

The stack is a last-in, first-out (LIFO) area of memory, and the Stack Pointer (SP) is the register that keeps track of its top. A PUSH moves SP and writes the data at the new top. A POP reads the data at the address in SP and then moves SP back. In the 8085, SP holds the full 16-bit address of the top of the stack. In the 8086 it holds the offset of the top within the stack segment, so the physical address is SS × 16 + SP.

Why the other options are wrong

(a) Address of the current instruction: SP never tracks instructions. The current instruction was fetched using the program counter, which has already advanced to the next one.
(b) Address of the next instruction: this is the program counter (PC), called the instruction pointer (IP) in the 8086.
(d) Size of the stack: no register stores the stack size. SP holds an address, and the stack grows or shrinks as SP changes.

Tip: SP → top of stack; PC/IP → next instruction.

Source: AVR CPU Registers – UMBC CMPE 311

Question 11Computer Architecture

An address in the main memory is called ________.

a)Physical address
b)Logical address
c)Memory address
d)Word address

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Question 12Computer Architecture

Which of the following formats is usually used to store data?

a)Decimal
b)BCD
c)Octal
d)Hexadecimal

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Question 13Computer Architecture

If in an RLC series circuit source voltage 100 sinωt V, resistance 10 ohm, inductive reactance 10 ohm and capacitive reactance 10 ohm, then current in the circuit will be:

a)10 A
b)3.33 A
c)3.33 sinωt A
d)10 sinωt A

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Question 14Computer Architecture

The number of operations processed per second by a processor is called

a)Instruction processor
b)Bandwidth
c)Clock Speed
d)Frequency

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Question 15Computer Architecture

The voltage induced in an inductor is represented as,

a)product of its inductance and current through it
b)ratio of its inductance to the current through it.
c)ratio of current through it to its inductance.
d)product of its inductance and rate of change of current through it.

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Question 16Programming

What will be the output of the following C code?

#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
    register static int i = 10;
    i = 11;
    printf("%d\n", i);
    return 0;
}

a)10
b)Compile-time error
c)Undefined behavior
d)11

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Question 17Networking

_____ is a group of networks and routers under the authority of a single administration.

a)An autonomous system
b)An Area
c)A System
d)Both an autonomous system and an area

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Question 18Networking

Bridges are used at ________ layer.

a)Physical layer
b)MAC layer (correct answer)
c)Network layer
d)Transport layer

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (b) MAC layer

A bridge works at the Data Link layer, and more precisely in its MAC (Media Access Control) sublayer. The IEEE standard for bridges, 802.1D, is titled "MAC Bridges": it joins LANs below the MAC service boundary and relays frames by reading their MAC addresses, which is why bridged LANs look like one network to the LLC and network-layer protocols above.

Why the other options are wrong

(a) Physical layer: Physical-layer devices (repeaters, hubs) only regenerate bits and never read addresses.
(c) Network layer: Forwarding by IP (logical) address at the network layer is a router's job.
(d) Transport layer: Transport-layer functions (ports, end-to-end reliability) run in the end hosts, not in a bridge.

Tip: Data Link = LLC + MAC sublayers; bridges and switches live in the MAC sublayer.

Source: IEEE 802.1D-2004: Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges

Question 19Computer Architecture

DMA stands for?

a)Direct Memory Access (correct answer)
b)Direction Memory Access
c)Dictate Memory Accumulator
d)Direct Memory Accumulator

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (a) Direct Memory Access

DMA is a technique in which a DMA controller moves a whole block of data between an I/O device and main memory without the CPU copying each byte. The CPU only sets up the transfer: it gives the controller the device address, the starting memory address, the byte count and the direction. The controller then performs the transfer at the device's own speed and signals completion through an interrupt or a status flag the CPU checks. Meanwhile the CPU is free for other work.

Why the other options are wrong

(b) Direction Memory Access: "Direction" is a corruption of "Direct"; the transfer direction is just one of the parameters the CPU programs.
(c) Dictate Memory Accumulator: no such term exists; an accumulator is a CPU register, and DMA is about memory access, not a register.
(d) Direct Memory Accumulator: the "A" stands for Access; in DMA the data bypasses the CPU's registers, including the accumulator.

Tip: "Direct" = the CPU is bypassed; "Memory Access" = the device reads or writes RAM itself.

Source: Lecture notes – I/O: more on I/O and DMA (UW–Madison CS 354)

Question 20Computer Architecture

Superposition principle states that at a time __________ source(S) acts.

a)all the given sources
b)only voltage sources
c)only one source
d)only current sources

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Question 21Digital Logic

A D flip-flop is having three inputs D, CLK and CLR. Which input is asynchronous?

a)D
b)CLK
c)CLR
d)None

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Question 22General ICT

At ______ frequencies the parallel R-L circuit behaves as purely resistive.

a)very low
b)low
c)high
d)very high

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Question 23Programming

Which of the following is the correct syntax to pass a Function Pointer as an argument?

a)void pass(int (*fptr)(int, float, char)){}
b)void pass(*fptr(int, float, char)){}
c)void pass(int (*fptr)){}
d)void pass(*fptr){}

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Question 24General ICT

An electrical series circuit consists of a 100V battery, 20-Ohm resistance and a 5μF capacitance. The voltage drop across 20-Ohm resistance is:

a)5V
b)4V
c)0V
d)100V

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Question 25Microprocessor

The maximum addressing capacity of a microprocessor that uses 16-bit data bus & 32-bit address bus is:

a)64 K.
b)4 GB
c)Both 64 K and 4 GB
d)None of these

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Question 26Programming

What will be the output of the following C code?

#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
    int x;
    int i = 5;
    int l = i /-2;
    int k = i % -2;
    printf("%d %d\n", l, k);
    x = 5 % 1;
    printf("%d\n", x);
    return 0;
}

a)-2 1
b)-1 1
c)1 -1
d)Implementation defined

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Question 27General ICT

The imaginary part of the admittance of an AC circuit is:

a)Resistance
b)Conductance
c)Reactance
d)Susceptance

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Question 28Programming

What will be the output of the following pseudocode?

Integer a, b
Set a = 15, b = 7
a = a mod (a - 3)
b = b mod (b - 3)
a = a mod 1
b = b mod 1
Print a + b

a)15
b)7
c)0
d)2

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Question 29Computer Architecture

Generally, Dynamic RAM is used as main memory in a computer system as it:

a)Consumes less power
b)Has higher speed
c)Has lower cell density
d)Needs refreshing circuitry

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Question 30Computer Architecture

2's complement of 00000000 is:

a)11111111
b)10000000
c)00000000 (correct answer)
d)00000001

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (c) 00000000

2's complement = invert every bit, then add 1, keeping the original word length (8 bits).

Number: 00000000
Invert every bit (1's complement): 11111111
Add 1: 11111111 + 1 = 1 00000000 (9 bits)
Keep 8 bits; the carry out of bit 7 is discarded: 00000000

So the 2's complement of 0 is 0. This is why 2's complement has only one zero, unlike sign-magnitude and 1's complement, which have both +0 and −0.

Why the other options are wrong

(a) 11111111: this is only the 1's complement (step 2); the +1 is missing. In 8-bit 2's complement, 11111111 means −1.
(b) 10000000: this is −128, the most negative 8-bit value. It is not related to 0.
(d) 00000001: this is +1; it comes from adding 1 without inverting the bits first.

Tip: In n-bit 2's complement, only two patterns are their own 2's complement: 0 (00000000) and −2ⁿ⁻¹ (10000000 for n = 8).

Question 31Digital Logic

How to convert a JK flip-flop to a T flip-flop?

a)by adding a NOT Gate
b)by adding an AND Gate
c)by adding an X-OR Gate
d)No extra gate is required

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Question 32Programming

If an object is passed by value, ___________

a)Copy constructor is used to copy the values into temporary object
b)Copy constructor is used to copy the values into another object in the function
c)Reference to the object is used to access the values of the object
d)Reference to the object is used to create a new object in its place

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Question 33Digital Logic

Suppose you have many 4×1 MUXes. You need a 16×1 MUX. How many 4×1 MUX you are required to build a 16×1 MUX:

a)3
b)4
c)5
d)6

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Question 34Programming

Consider an array of float. Calculate the difference between the address of the 1st and 4th element, assuming float occupies 4 bytes of memory.

a)12
b)4
c)16
d)8

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Question 35Digital Logic

In a Johnson counter:

a)the output of the first flip-flop is connected to the input of the last flip-flop
b)the output of the last flip-flop is connected to the input of the first flip-flop
c)the inverted output of the last flip-flop is connected to the input of the first flip-flop (correct answer)
d)None

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (c) the inverted output of the last flip-flop is connected to the input of the first flip-flop

A Johnson counter (also called a twisted-ring or switch-tail counter) is a shift register whose last stage feeds back its complemented output Q̄ to the input of the first stage. Starting from 0000, a 4-bit Johnson counter steps

0000 → 1000 → 1100 → 1110 → 1111 → 0111 → 0011 → 0001 → 0000

which is 8 = 2 × 4 distinct states (checked by simulation). An n-flip-flop Johnson counter therefore has 2n states.

Why the other options are wrong

(a) the output of the first flip-flop is connected to the input of the last flip-flop: In a shift register data already flows from the first stage towards the last; the counter's feedback runs from the last stage back to the first, so this describes no standard counter.
(b) the output of the last flip-flop is connected to the input of the first flip-flop: Feeding back the true output Q makes a ring counter, which has only n states (4 for 4 flip-flops).
(d) None: Option (c) is the correct description, so "None" does not apply.

Tip: Ring counter: Q of the last stage → first stage, n states; Johnson counter: Q̄ of the last stage → first stage, 2n states.

Source: Wikipedia: Ring counter

Question 36Networking

IP Address of a network is 192.120.105.0. What will be the maximum subnet number fulfilling the condition that each subnet can accommodate at max 14 hosts-

a)20
b)32
c)16
d)8

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Question 37Networking

You are working with three networks that have the network IDs 192.168.5.0, 192.168.6.0 and 192.168.7.0. What subnet mask can you use to combine these addresses into one?

a)255.255.252.0
b)255.255.254.0
c)255.155.240.0
d)255.255.255.252

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Question 38Networking

In an IP packet, what is the maximum size of an IP header?

a)20 B
b)4 B
c)14 B
d)60 B

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Question 39Digital Logic

If we apply 0001 to the input of a seven-segment decoder then what will be the outputs?

a)0110000 for a seven-segment display with common-cathode
b)1001111 for a seven-segment display with common-anode
c)Both A and B are true
d)None are true

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Question 40Networking

Which one is an example of routed protocol?

a)IP (correct answer)
b)RIP
c)IGRP
d)OSPF

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (a) IP

A routed protocol is one whose packets carry user data and are forwarded by routers from network to network using a logical address. IP is the standard example: it moves datagrams from source host to destination host, and routers forward them by the destination IP address. A routing protocol, by contrast, is the routers' own conversation used to learn paths and build the routing tables that decide how routed packets are forwarded.

Why the other options are wrong

(b) RIP: A distance-vector routing protocol. It exchanges route information between routers and does not carry user data; its messages themselves ride inside UDP/IP.
(c) IGRP: Cisco's distance-vector routing protocol, used to build routing tables, not to carry user data.
(d) OSPF: A link-state routing protocol that floods link information and computes shortest paths; it is a routing protocol, not a routed one.

Tip: Routed = what gets routed (IP, IPv6). Routing = how routes are learned (RIP, OSPF, IGRP, EIGRP, BGP).

Sources: RFC 791: Internet Protocol; RFC 2453: RIP Version 2; An Introduction to IGRP - Cisco; RFC 2328: OSPF Version 2

Question 41Programming

The term '%i' is used for _____ data type too.

a)char
b)int (correct answer)
c)none of the above
d)float

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (b) int

%i is the second conversion specifier for a signed int, alongside %d (hence "too" in the stem).

In printf, %d and %i are identical: both print an int in decimal. printf("%i %d", 42, 42); prints 42 42.
In scanf, they differ. %d reads only decimal, while %i detects the base from the prefix: a leading 0 means octal and 0x means hexadecimal. Run on the input 010, %i stores 8 but %d stores 10; on 0x1A, %i stores 26.

Why the other options are wrong

(a) char: A single character uses %c.
(c) none of the above: Wrong, because (b) int is correct.
(d) float: A float uses %f (or %e/%g).

Tip: %d = %i for printing; for reading, %i also accepts octal (0…) and hex (0x…).

Source: printf, fprintf, sprintf, snprintf - cppreference.com
Source: scanf, fscanf, sscanf - cppreference.com

Question 42Networking

What remains always local on the LAN and never goes through a router?

a)MAC address
b)IP Address
c)Logical Address
d)None of the above

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Question 43General ICT

An electrical Y network has a 1-ohm resistor in each arm. The equivalent Delta network will have each arm with:

a)3 Ohm
b)1/3 Ohm
c)4 Ohm
d)1 Ohm

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Question 44Programming

If class C inherits class B, and B has inherited class A, then while creating the object of class C, what will be the sequence of constructors getting called?

a)Constructor of C then B, finally of A
b)Constructor of A then C, finally of B
c)Constructor of A then B, finally C
d)Constructor of C then A, finally B

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Question 45Computer Architecture

A Program Counter contains the number 825 and address part of the instruction contains the number 24. The effective address in the relative address mode, when an instruction is read from the memory is:

a)849
b)850
c)801
d)802

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Question 46Programming

What will be the output of the following C code?

#include<stdio.h>
void main(){
    int k = 7;
    int *p = &k;
    int **m = &p;
    printf("%d%d%d\n", k, *p, **m);
    return 0;
}

a)5 5 5
b)5 5 junk value
c)7 7 7
d)Compile-time error

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Question 47General ICT

If V1=50sin (ωt+10) and V2=30sin (ωt+50) then:

a)V1 leads V2
b)V2 leads V1 (correct answer)
c)V2 lags V1
d)V1 and V2 in phase

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (b) V2 leads V1

Both voltages have the same angular frequency ω, so only their phase angles matter (the printed angles are read as degrees).

Phase of V1 = +10°, phase of V2 = +50°.
Phase difference = 50° − 10° = 40°.
V1 reaches its positive peak when ωt + 10° = 90°, i.e. ωt = 80°; V2 when ωt + 50° = 90°, i.e. ωt = 40°.

V2 reaches its peak first, so V2 leads V1 by 40° (equivalently, V1 lags V2 by 40°). The amplitudes (50 vs 30) do not affect phase.

Why the other options are wrong

(a) V1 leads V2: the reverse is true; V1 peaks 40° later.
(c) V2 lags V1: this is the same wrong claim as (a), stated the other way round.
(d) V1 and V2 in phase: that needs equal phase angles; here they differ by 40°.

Tip: Same frequency → the larger (more positive) phase angle leads; amplitude is irrelevant.

Question 48Computer Architecture

The average time required to reach a storage location in memory and obtain its contents is called the-

a)seek time
b)turnaround time
c)access time
d)transfer time

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Question 49Networking

Which routing protocol does not consume the bandwidth of the network?

a)Default routing
b)Dynamic routing
c)Static routing
d)None of the above

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Question 50Digital Logic

Advantage of JK Flip-flop over SR Flip-flop is:

a)It is faster than SR
b)It has no forbidden state
c)It has no toggle state
d)All of the above

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Question 51Microprocessor

Which of the following is NOT a component of a microprocessor?

a)ALU
b)Register Array
c)Hard Disk
d)Control Unit

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Question 52General ICT

What is the expression for Thevenin's current if there is an external resistance in series with the Rth?

a)Vth/Ith
b)Vth/ (Rth-R)
c)Vth/ (Rth+R)
d)Vth/Rth

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Question 53Digital Logic

In a priority encoder:

a)first bit is considered don't care
b)higher priority bit is considered don't care
c)lower priority bit is considered don't care
d)None

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Question 54Digital Logic

Assume Ā, B̄, C̄ and D̄ represent the complements of A, B, C and D, respectively. Now in a 4-variable (ABCD) logic circuit K-map (AB makes Row and CD makes Column) the cell in the first row and the third column will be indicated by:

a)Ā B̄ C D
b)Ā B C D̄
c)Ā B C D
d)ABCD

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Question 55Computer Architecture

An instruction pipeline can be implemented by means of:

a)LIFO buffer
b)FIFO buffer
c)Stack
d)None of the above

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Question 56Networking

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is __________ protocol.

a)An error reporting
b)A group management
c)A transmission
d)None of the above.

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Question 57General ICT

The r.m.s. value of alternating current is given by steady (D.C.) current which when flowing through a given circuit for a given time produces:

a)the more heat than produced by A.C. when flowing through the same circuit
b)the same heat as produced by A.C. when flowing through the same circuit
c)the less heat than produced by A.C. flowing through the same circuit
d)None

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